Multiple metering pump



Nov. 6, 1945. L.'BEEH 2,388,462

MULTIPLE METERING PUMP v Filed July 19, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ill INVEN TOR. LOU/S BEE H W/CZEMM 'istics. common means may Patented Nov. 6,1945

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MULTIPLE METEBIN G PUMP Louis Bceh, Woodside, N. 1. Application July 19, 1944, Serial No. 545,560

Claims. (Cl. 103-173) The present invention relates to a multiple pump with metering device for injection purposes and belongs to the type of pumps described in my copending application. Serial No. 545,426, iiled July 18, 1944. A pump according to that ,prior application comprises a. plurality of pump units, each including a pump cylinder and plunger; the units are arranged equidistant from and parallelto the central axis of the pump, and a common adjustable valve controls the inlets to the cylinders and, thus, the output of each pumpcylinder as to time and quantity. Contrary thereto, the present invention contemplates the provision of a pump wherein each plunger is provided with a face controllingthe inlet port of the coordinate cylinder wherein, however, a common means is provided in order to position all the plungers equally so in relation to the inlet ports during the plunger reciprocation that the inlet ports will be closed by said plunger faces for desired lengths or portions of the plunger stroke. In the preferred form of the invention, each plunger has a head with a helical face to control an inlet port in the side wall of its cylinder; and. the positions of the plungers in relation to the inlet ports can be peripherally adjusted by a common means so as to bring desired portions of the helical faces into registry with the inlet ports. In this manner it is possible to use, in the same pump, units with difers and, therefore, different output character- According further to the invention such beactuated either by a part with originally peripheral movement or by a part with originally straight-lined movement.

Further details and objects of the invention inafter and the accompanying drawings illustrating embodiments thereof by way of example.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of a pump according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section along line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal cross-section of another embodiment. Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the illustrated pump comprises a housing III consisting of three main parts, viz. a substantially hollow cylindrical body H, a bottom l2 and a cover IS. The parts may be secured to one another by any suitable means such as screw bolts '4 and ii; The housing has a central axis 0-0.

. vferently shaped controlling faces of the plungwill be apparent from the description given heretween the partition l8 and the cover I3 and a lower chamber 20 between, the partition and the housing bottom 12. The chamber I9 has an opening 2! which may be threaded for the attachment of a pipe (not shown) connected to a fuel source. Similarly, chamber 20 has an opening 22 through which the chamber may becharged with lubricating oil. The partition I8 is provided with holes 23, preferably as many as there are enginecylinders to be charged by the pump, and evenly spaced from one another on a circle about the main axis a-a. In each hole a pump cylinder 24 is inserted which bears V with a shoulder 25 on the bottom of a shallow recess' 28 in the top surface of the partition and concentric with the hole 23. The cylinders 24 are flush with the top surfaces of the body I I and the shell-like portion l6, so that the housing part I3 screwed on the body ll covers the chamber H! as well as the inner cylinder spaces 21.

Interiorly of the cover a conduit 28 is provided for each cylinder and in communication with the space 21 01' the latter, and each conduit 28 is under the control of a check valve 29. The valves are biased by springs 30 each bearing on the bottom of a pipe connector 3| which is screwed at 32 into the cover l3. Interiorly of each cylinder 24 a plunger 33 is movable in an axial and a peripheral direction. For this purpose the plunger has a bore 34 reaching from its lower end far up towards the head of the plunger so that a connecting rod 35 hearing on the bottom of the bore 341s free to move slightly out of alignment with the plunger axis. The head 33 of the plunger is formed as a portion of a hollow cylinder with a helical top face 31. The interior of the hollow cylinder is in communication with a peripheral groove 38 between the head portion and the main body of the plunger. A port 39 is provided in the side wall of the cylinder 24 and under the control of the said plunger head 36 with its helical face 31 so that communication can be established through port 39 from the chamber I 3 into the cylinder space 21. To the lower end of each-plunger a; pinion 40 is secured by any suitable means. In the case of the present embodiment the plunger is provided near its lower end with two parallel slots 4|. A washer 42 is inserted into the slots in a radial direction tween the pinion is mounted on the head surface BI.

.rods 35. Thus it will be so as to engage the parallel faces of the slots II with its two parallel inner faces v43 as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The washer has also one or several projections 44 of its periphery. The pinion III is provided with a lower recess ll fitting the outer contour of the washer 42. Another washer It bears on the pinion-and a compression spring 41 is positioned between the lower face of the partition I! and washer 4!. The pressure exerted by spring 41 insures the connection be- III and the plunger. This is due to the fact that the pinion is pressed on the washer 42 so as to be prevented from axial movement, while the washer projection 44 prevents relative rotation of the pinion and the washer I2. The washer in turn is prevented from angular and axial movement in relation to the plunger owing to its engagement in the slots H with parallel faces. The plungers are reciprocated by a drive similar copending application Serial Number 545,426, filed July 18,19, that isto say. the lower portion I2 of the housing has an axial bore into which a bushing 48 is inserted to serve as a bearing for a drive shaft 49. The latter has a collar so with an Inclined top face BI, and a cylindrical-f. head 52 with its axis at right angles'to the top face BI. The inner race 53 of a ball bearing 54 52 so as to engage the The outer race Iii of the bearing carries a swash or wobble plate 56 with cupshaped indentations 51 to receive therein the lower ends of the aforementioned connecting clear that rotation of the shaft 49 will cause a cyclical oscillation of the swash plate 5. and thereby an axial reciprocation of each plunger with a phase displacement of each plunger in relation to the preceding one. The plungers mayYbe' turned by a common gear wheel 58 which is in engagement with all the pinions 40 secured to the plungers. The teeth of the pinions 40 are made of such length that the engagement with the gear wheel 58 is insured in any position of the plungers during their reciprocation. Gear wheel bears against a lower face 59 of the shell-like housing portion I6 and a rod 6| is secured to the wheel "by means of a screw connection GI so that by turning rod 60 the gear wheel 58 will be taken along'so as to turn the pinions 40. Rod 80 projects through a bore 82 upward from the housing cover I3 and an arm 83 is secured to rod 80 as a means for controlling peripheral movement of the plungers.

The pump operates in the following manner.

In order to apply the pump to an engine, shaft 49 will be coupled with a member rotating with half-the-R.--P.-Mi'of the engine if the latter is of thee-stroke cycle type. The chamber I9 will be connected with its opening 2| to a fuel source and the lower pump space will be charged with a lubricant, for instance by connecting the opening 22 to an existing oil pump in which event a conduit 64 in the bottom portion of the housing I may permit circulation of the oil back to the oil source. Furthermore, the pipe sockets 3| will be connected to the injection nozzles of the engine cylinders respectively. If now, shaft 48 is rotated the plungers will be reciprocated with a phase displacement as mentioned hereinbefore. Starting from the upper end position of one of the plungers, as for instance shown on the lefthand side of Fig. 1, its port 29 will be opened lowered. Thereupon fuel from chamber II will fill the cylinder space 21 and upon the return stroke a certain quantity of the fuel interiorly of the space 21 will be forced-out through conduit 28 against the force of the valve spring II, and will be injected into the connected cylinder. The quantity of the fuel thus ejected is dependent on the portion of the helical face which passes and controls the port 3|, that. means if a 1 lower portion of the piston head 3' passes the is portion of the plunger its cylinder port 3., more port ll during the reciprocation of theplunger, the port will be opened for a larger portion of the stroke and less fuel will be discharged. Bimilarly','lf the plunger is so turned that a higher head it is in registry with during each plunger reciprocation.

The adjustment of the plungers---in...order to meter the quantity of elected fluid requires a stances of application 0 manifold. The diaphragm is as soon as the helical face 11 has been sufficiently It to that described in my 20 m v m nt the main pump transmitted to the plungers wheel mounted rotatably about axis. In the embodiment just described the gear wheel can be turned with the aid of an arm on the wheel shaft. In many inof a pump according to the invention, it isdesirable to render the plunger adjustment responsive to variations of the depression occurring in the manifold of an engine charged by the pump. In that event, it is advisable to apply means in order to convert a linear movement of the member responsive to the manifold depression into the rotary motion required for the mentioned gear wheel in order to adjust the pump plungers. Fig. 3 illustrates an embodiment comprising such means and a depression-responsive element in a particularlysimple combination with the pump according to the invention. The general arrangement of the pump housing "I with pump cylinders I02, and plungers I" with pinions I, is similar to the structure shown in Fig. 1. "Also similar to the foregoing embodiment is the arrangement of the drive shaft III! with swash or wobble plate III! acting on the connecting rods III'I. Also, the housing comprises a cover I" through a gear containing conduits Ill for communication with valve chambers III to der nozzles of'an engine be applied. Above cover by a ring-shaped member II I and a dome-shaped top H2. The parts are connected to each other by suitable means such as screws III which clamp, between the parts III and H2, 1!. diahragm Ill which in its circular portion is reinforced by discs III. The chamber portion Ill between diaphragm III and the cover I" is exposed to the atmospheric air through an opening 1, whereas the upper chamber portion III has an opening III for connection to the engine biased by a spring I20 bearing against the bottom of an externally threaded cylindrical member I2I, screwed into a nut I22 which beers with an external flange I23 one shoulder I24 formed interiorly of an axial extension I25 of the top part H2. The extension I2! is interiorly threaded at I2! and a cap nut I21 is screwed into that threading so as to bear on the flange I23 of nut I22, thereby holding the parts in assembled position. Movement of the diaphragm is transmitted tothe gear wheel I28 which is in engagemtnt with thepins ions Ill. For this purpose a rod I2! is passed through the shell-like inner rtion III of the housing III and guided in afial direction by a key III which engages a groove I82 in the inner be connected to the cylinto which the pump is to Ill a chamber is formed fuel will be discharged its cylinder, a common drive the shelI-likeportion. The top end I33 of m mm is threaded and projects upward "from the housing cover I III which forthaitpur pose is provided with an axial bore Ill] To the saidnpper end I" of rod I2! the diaphragm is adjustably secured by a lower nut III and two upper nuts Ill and Ill. The r-pd I2! is connected with its "lower end projectingdownward from the shell-like portion I30 to the gear wheel I28 by means wherebyexial movement ofrthe rod is transferred into rotary movement of the wheel m. For tha purpose the .wheel is secured by screws I38 tothe lower face -of a cylindrical part I which encompasses the rodjifl'and bears against the lower face I 4| ofthe shell-like portion I". The lower'end of the rod I2! is provided with a high pitched helical groove Ill and a ball I42 projecting interiorly from the side wall of the cylindrical part I39 engages into said groove. Ball I42 is held intoposition by a set screw I" screwed into a lateral bore lfl'in the wall of the part I". The gear .wheel I28 with the part In, secured thereto is supported from below by another ball I which rests on a cupshapedmember I" provided in an axlalbore I" in the head of the drive shaft I05. A com:-

pression spring I is inserted between the bot tom of the bore I" and the cup I so asto f render the support of the gearwheel I28 slightly resilient.

Now it will be clear that the diaphragm III will deflect upward or downward according to a change in the depression prevailing in chamber i I II owing to its connection with the engine manifold.\ The lowest position of the diaphragms shown in Fig. 3 where the nut I35 bears upon the cover I". The highest deflection is limited by the restraint of the spring I bearing on nut I". If now. owing to an upward deflection of the diaphragm, the rod I29 connected thereto will be raised, the engagement of the ball I42 in the dricalpart I" and the gear wheel I28 connected thereto. Rotation of the gearf wheel will then be transmitted to the plniotls lll toadjust the" plungers just as described with respect" to the foregoing embodiment and such. adjustment will be in response to a change of the depression of .the engine manifold.

Having now described twoembodiments oi my invention, it will be apparent tothose skilled in the art that many alterations and modifications of the mechanism illustrated and described are possible without departing from the spirit and essence of my invention, which for this reason movable abouta center on said central axis to reciprocate said plungers, common means mounted in said housing in connection "with said shell like membentp adjust the position of the plungers peripherally with respect to their cylinders, and

a rod-like membei movable in said shell-like portion and in connectiofrwith said common means to operate the latter. 2. A multiple injection pump comprising a substantially cylindrical housing with a central axis and including a cover, an interior and coaxial shell-like portion, and an annular partition between the housing wall and said shell-like portion so as to form an upper and a lower chamber each with a charging opening for fuel and oil respectively; a plurality of pump units, each unit including a cylinder secured to said partition and extending into said upper and lower chambers so as to be closed at its upper end by said cover, each cylinder being provided with an inlet port communicating with said upper chamber and with an outlet port for connection to a discharge,

a plunger in each cylinder, each plunger having a-helically-faced head to control the inlet port 1 of its cylinders, a common driven means cyclically movable about a center on said central axis to reciprocate said plungers, common means mounted in said housing in connectionwith said' shell- 1 like member to adjust the position of the plungers peripherally with respeut to their cylinders, and

a vacuum-responsive means in connection with said common means to actuate the latter.

, 3. A multiple injection pump comprising ,a substant ally cylindrical housing with a central axis and including a cover, an interior and coaxial shell-like portion, and an'annular partition between the housing wall and said shell -like p'or tion solas to form an upper and a lower chamhelical groove Ill will cause a turn of the cylinher earth with a charging opening for fuel and oil res ectively, a plurality of pump units, each unit including a cylinder secured to said partitiond extending into said upper and lowerchamb i s so as to be closed at its upper end by said cover, each cylinder being provided with an inlet/port communicating with said upper cham-, her and with an outlet port for connection to a discharge, a plunger in each cylinder, each plunger including a body portion and, for controlling said inlet port of the coordinate cylinder,

a head with a helical end face and a peripheral annular groov'e between said body and said head,

, said head being of'a hollow cylindrical shape cyclically movable about a center on said central and provided with a communication of its interior with said groove, a common driven means axis to reciprocate said plungers, common means shall be limited only by the scope of the appended,

claims. I Iclaimz g 1. A multiple injection pump comprising a substantially "cylindrical housing with a central axis and including a cover, an interior and coaxial shell-like portion, and an annular partition between the housing wall and said shell-like portion so as to form anupper and a lower chamber each; with a charging opening for fuel and oil respectively; a plurality of pump units, each unit in.-

eluding a cylinder/secured to said partition and extending into said upper and lower ychambers so as to be closed at its upper end-by said cover, each cylinder being provided "with an inlet port communicating with said upper chamber and with an outlet port for connection to a discharge, a plunger in each cylinder each plunger having means cyclically i a helically-face head to co'ntr/o? the inlet port of mounted .insaid housing in connection with said- J. 5. A multiple injection pump comprising a substantially cylindrical housing with a central axi and including a cover, an interior and coaxial shell-like, portion, and an annular partition/betweemthe housing wall and said shell-like 'portion so as to form an upper and a lower chamber 4 2,aas,4es

each with a charging opening for fuel and oil respectively, a plurality oi pump units, each unit including a cylinder secured to said partition and extending into said upper and lower chambers so as to be closed at its upper end by said cover, conduits to connect each cylinder to said upper chamber and to a discharge, a hollow plunger in each cylinder, open at the bottom and closed near its head, a driven wobble plate cyclically movable about a center on said central axis, a

, rod ball-headed at both its ends for each of the plungers and bearing with one of its ends against said wobble plate and with its other end interiorly of said plunger against the closure thereof, a spring between each plunger and the housing to urge said plunger towards said wobble plate, ad-

Justable means in controlling relationship to the conduits connecting said cylinders to said upper chamber, and common means mounted in said housing in connection with said shell-like mem- 10 ber to adJust said adjustable means.

LOUIS BEER. 

